myeloid leukemia | Chronic myeloid leukemia

 

Chronic myeloid leukemia

Definition chronic myeloid leukemia, also known as myelogenous leukemia, enzootic myeloid, myélose leukemia of Schridde, is a chronic disease (spreading over time) characterized by the presence in the blood, an increase The number of white blood cells (leukocytosis) can range from 100 to 300 000.

Normally the number of white blood cells in the blood is not as high. This proliferation in an individual takes place in the bone marrow only, not in the blood.

General it can also be said that chronic myeloid leukemia belongs to Myeloproliferative syndrome and is characterized by a cancer-like proliferation of cells from mature cells, derived from hematopoiesis (a mechanism to The origin of the blood cell production) of the bone marrow. One of the characteristics of myeloproliferative syndrome is that it is not accompanied by a medullary deficiency (inadequacy of functioning, manufacture of blood components: the elements included).

Chronic myeloid leukemia, is the most frequent variety of leukemias, it has found a place apart in myeloproliferative syndromes because of the latest discoveries, the means diagnostics implemented, as well as its management Therapeutic. This pathology is related to a chromosomal anomaly known as the Philadelphia chromosome. It consists of a translocation (a transposition of one segment of the chromosome to another) between chromosome number 9, and chromosome number 22. There is a relatively large increase in the number of neutrophil granular cells, i.e. cells that belong to the same lineage (variety) as some white blood cells called neutrophil polynuclears, and this in the Marrow, and in the blood.


Chronic myeloid leukemia: Symptoms

Symptoms The symptoms of chronic myeloid leukemia are:

A significant increase in the amount of white blood cells in the blood.
The accidental discovery of this pathology with an insidious beginning.
The patient is fatigued.
Weight loss.
An alteration of the general condition.
Pathophysiology It is possible to summarize chronic myeloid leukemia in the following way:

This is a proliferation of bone marrow whose name and Myeloproliferative syndrome, and which concerns a cell-strain pluripotent (possessing the ability to transform into any other blood cell) that leads to the Exaggerated production of polynuclears, i.e. some white blood cells.
The cause of chronic myeloid leukemia is not accurately known, but it appears that ionizing radiation is one of the favourable factors.
The number of new cases per year is about 600 in France.
The incidence increases as the age progresses, and on the other hand, a very slight male predominance