types of blood cancer in adults | Types of leukemia in adults

Types of leukemia in adults

Advertisement

Types of leukemia in adults
Leukemia is a blood cancer originating from myeloid or lymphoid stem cells, which produce leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the bone marrow. According to the American Cancer Society, lymphocytic leukemia implies overproduction of lymphocytes, while myeloid leukemia involves overproduction of other types of leukocytes, such as monocytes or granulocytes, and, sometimes, platelets and erythrocytes (red blood cells). Overproduction or one or more blood cells of the bone marrow crowds and prevents other types of cells from forming.

Acute vs Chronic
In addition to the cell type, leukemia is classified as acute or chronic. Acute leukemia has a rapid onset, and immature cells (blasts) are produced quickly and released into the bloodstream. Chronic leukemia develops more slowly, and some cells may seem mature, but are often abnormal and do not work properly.

Acute myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid (myeloid) leukemia is called a variety of names, such as myeloid, promyelocytic, monocytes, granulocytes and erythroid, because it is born from myeloid stem cells that produce all blood cells except for Lymphoctyes. Chromosomal anomalies or genetic mutations are found with certain types of LAM. AML is sometimes a secondary cancer caused by chemotherapy.

AML quickly spreads through blood to other organs, such as the brain, liver and spleen, resulting in fever, infection, anemia, enlarged internal organs, bone marrow pain, weakness, and bleeding. According to the American Cancer Society, AML is more common among adults over 40 (mean 67 years). Although the healing potential exists, the prognosis is bad for the over 60 with death in a common diagnostic year.

Chronic myeloid leukemia
Chronic myeloid (myeloid) leukemia is usually related to a specific defect on the Philadelphia chromosome (22). While the bone marrow produces normal cells, this overproduction (blastic cells) of different immature types. CML spreads slowly and can cause some symptoms for years. The American Cancer Society states that the production of cells eventually develops throughout the bone marrow in the long bones and also in the liver and spleen, the origin of these organs to enlarge. People are starting to feel more and more tired and short of breath and may experience discomfort as the bodies enlarge. Death usually occurs three to five years after the diagnosis.

Acute lymphocytic leukemia
Lymphocyte (lymphoblastic) Acute leukemia derives from uncontrolled overproduction of immature lymphocytes (lymphoblasts) by lymphoid stem cells. Reports the National Cancer Institute that lymphocytes include B cells, T cells and natural killer cells, all of which are cells that are essential to the immune system. With all, these cells do not function properly and the production of other necessary cells, such as red blood cells and platelets, falls, resulting in an increase in infections, anemia, shortness of breath and Bleeding. Leukemic cells spread throughout the body, causing hypertrophy of the liver and spleen and bone pain. The cells can spread to the brain, causing headaches and nausea and vomiting. Adult all is the most common in white men over 70 and is often related to chemotherapy or previous genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome. The prognosis is bad for adults.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most common form of leukemia and, according to the National Cancer Institute, occurs mainly in middle-aged or later adults. CLL derives most often from the production of abnormal B lymphocytes, which live longer than normal cells but have a function deficiency. These cells begin to accumulate in the blood. The lymph nodes enlarge as the lymphocytes are trapped. Over time the liver and spleen enlarge, and anemia and bleeding can occur that the production of red blood cells and platelets decreases. The deficiency of the immune system can lead to serious bacterial and viral infections. Survival rate varies from eight to twelve years after diagnosis.