Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Understand
1. Bone marrow and blood cells
2. Different types of white blood cells
3. Different types of leukemia
4. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: what is it?
5. Frequency of chronic lymphoid leukemia
Different types of leukemia
An excess of white blood cells
Leukemia or blood cancer is characterized by increased production and/or prolonged survival of white blood cells. Their number in the blood is therefore higher than normal, without this increase being justified by a problem of infection or inflammation. The excess white blood cells accumulate first in the bone marrow, to eventually invade the bloodstream. When their numbers become very high, they hinder the formation of the lineage of other blood cells, red cells and platelets, in the bone marrow.
Lymphoid or myeloid leukemia
In lymphoid leukemia, it is the lymphoid stem cell (the origin of lymphocytes) that is reached. In myeloid leukemia, it is the myeloid stem cell (the origin of red blood cells, granulocytes, monocytes and platelets) that is concerned.
Acute or chronic lymphoid
We are talking about acute lymphocytic leukemia when the disease evolves rapidly. In this form of leukemia, lymphocyte maturation is disturbed. Many young (blast) lymphocytes lead into the bloodstream, and too few mature lymphocytes are present. This acute form is more common in young people. It is a vital risk.
On the other hand, chronic lymphoid leukemia evolves significantly slower, as lymphocyte maturation is still more or less normal. Chronic leukemia occurs more frequently at a middle or advanced age. Symptoms appear progressively, sometimes over several years.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Understand
1. Bone marrow and blood cells
2. Different types of white blood cells
3. Different types of leukemia
4. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: what is it?
5. Frequency of chronic lymphoid leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: what is it?
In most cases, chronic lymphocytic leukemia results from the proliferation of B lymphocytes in the bone marrow.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia develops when DNA from a bone marrow lymphocyte cell is damaged, resulting in uncontrolled development of the offspring of this cell. We're talking about the monoclonal multiplication of B lymphocytes, called memory lymphocytes. Monoclonal, because they are clones of a single precursor cell. In the first step, these lymphocytes proliferate in the bone marrow and then invade the blood. Their accumulation in the lymph nodes, spleen and liver causes an increase in the volume of these organs.
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