Acute myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia (LAM) corresponds to a hemopathy in which the marrow and blood are invaded by myéloblastes (or myeloid blasts), precursors of certain white blood cells (polynuclears).
This leukemia (different from acute lymphoblastic leukemia) affects rather adults and may be related to occupational exposure to radiation or chemicals.
The symptoms of acute myeloid leukemia
Symptoms are anemia (which is manifested by shortness of breath, paleness, palpitations, headaches), purpura, fever, gingival hypertrophy, infections, bone pain. The diagnosis uses blood count and myelogram (bone marrow analysis).
The treatment of LAM
In the absence of treatment, the patient dies within a few weeks. The treatment uses chemotherapy with often two types of molecules: anthracyclines and their derivatives, and cytosine arabinoside. The patient is hospitalized in a single room during treatment to avoid any risk of infection.
The prognosis is better for patients under 60 years of age. To avoid relapse, a bone marrow transplant can be considered in young subjects (less than 50 years) with a compatible HLA brother or sister.
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